我們首先將探討 PPRR 框架中的「風險」與「預防」兩個部份。

We begin by examining the risk and prevention components of the framework.

TC PPRR prevention

pprr mod 2.PNG

風險管理

管理企業相關風險需要：識別並分析可能對企業產生負面影響的因素，並針對每項風險選擇最合適的應對方式。風險可能是直接或間接的，也可能來自企業內部或外部。

其目標是透過制定相關政策、流程、活動與措施，降低企業的整體風險水平。每位企業負責人必須確定自己的風險承受能力。

Risk Management

Managing the risks associated with your business requires identifying and considering the things that may have an adverse effect on your business and choosing the best method of dealing with each of these identified risks. Risks may be direct or indirect, and internal or external.

The aim is to put in place the relevant policies, procedures, activities and actions to reduce the overall risk to your business. Each owner-manager must also determine their level of risk appetite.

識別企業面臨的潛在風險

分析這些風險可能帶來的影響

制定風險管理計劃，以降低整體風險

Identify the potential risk to the business.

Analyse the potential impact on the business.

Prepare a risk management plan to reduce overall risk.

風險承受能力

風險承受能力可定義為「一個組織為實現其策略目標而願意承擔的風險量級和類型」。（風險管理協會，2024 年）

Risk Appetite

Risk appetite can be defined as 'the amount and type of risk that an organisation is willing to take in order to meet their strategic objectives’. (Institute of Risk Management 2024)

不同組織的風險承受能力會因所在行業、文化和目標的不同而存在差異。針對不同類型的風險，組織的承受程度各不相同，且這種承受程度可能會隨時間變化。例如，像政府機構這類受嚴格監管的組織往往傾向於規避風險，而先進製造業或軟體發展領域的初創企業在決策和行動中可能更願意承擔較高風險。

儘管不同的人對風險承受能力的理解總會有所不同，但一份溝通到位、恰當合理的風險承受能力聲明，能夠切實説明組織實現其風險管理目標。

Organisations will have different risk appetites depending on their sector, culture and objectives. A range of appetites exist for different risks and these may change over time. For example, highly regulated organisations like government agencies are likely to be risk averse, whereas, advanced manufacturing or software development start-ups may be more inclined to embrace higher levels of risk in their decision and action.

While risk appetite will always mean different things to different people, a properly communicated, appropriate risk appetite statement can actively help organisations to achieve their risk management goals.