了解您所屬行業的描述及其分類方式，在多方面都十分重要。首先，這能幫助您認識更廣泛的市場領域，並了解您的企業與其他類似企業之間的關聯。其次，它能讓您取得有關行業的各類資訊，包括基準指標數據（benchmarking data），以便將自身表現與行業平均水準及領先企業進行比較。第三，它能幫助您識別與產業相關的支援網絡，例如產業團體及政府機構。

Knowing the description of your industry and how it is classified is important for many reasons. Firstly, it helps you to understand the wider market sector and how your business relates to other similar businesses. Secondly, it enables you to access information about your industry including benchmarking data, so you can compare your performance against the industry average and against industry leaders. Thirdly, it helps you to identify industry support networks relevant to your industry such as industry groups and government agencies.

理解行業分類 | Understanding industry classifications

行業分類 | Classification of industries

行業分類是一種用來整理企業相關資料的方式。它提供了一個標準化的框架，能將從事相似生產活動的企業單位歸為同一類別，而每個類別即稱為一個行業。

《澳大利亞及紐西蘭標準產業分類》（ANZSIC）為澳大利亞與紐西蘭提供了一套依行業別進行經濟數據的標準化收集、分析與發布的依據。採用 ANZSIC 有助於提升兩國產業統計資料的可比性。

ANZSIC 被廣泛應用於澳大利亞與紐西蘭各地的政府機構、產業組織與研究人員，用途涵蓋行政管理、監管、稅務及研究等多個領域。

An industrial classification is one way to organise data about businesses. It provides a standard framework under which business units carrying out similar productive activities can be grouped together, with each resultant group referred to as an industry.

The Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification (ANZSIC) provides a basis for the standardised collection, analysis and dissemination of economic data on an industry basis for Australia and New Zealand. Use of the ANZSIC results in improved comparability of industry statistics produced by the two countries.

The ANZSIC is widely used by government agencies, industry organisations and researchers for various administrative, regulatory, taxation and research purposes throughout Australia and New Zealand.

分類單位 | Unit of classification

企業可以以不同方式加以呈現，以滿足特定統計及其他分析目的。統計機構在進行特定的企業資料收集與編製相關統計結果時，使用「單位」（unit）一詞，作為代表企業的分析或統計單元。

歸入行業分類所採用的企業單位類型是任何行業分類設計中的關鍵要素。針對特定分類單位所設計的行業分類，若應用於其他類型的企業單位，可能會顯得不太合適，甚至完全不適用。

「分類單位」章節中說明了《澳大利亞及新西蘭標準產業分類》在制定過程中所採用的分類單位。澳大利亞統計局（ABS）與紐西蘭統計局（Statistics NZ）在編製官方統計資料時所使用的單位模型，分別列於附錄一與附錄二中，其中著重介紹用於行業統計的生產單位。

Businesses can be represented in various ways for particular statistical and other purposes. Statistical agencies use the term 'unit' to refer to the representation of businesses used for particular collections of data from businesses and for the production of particular statistical outputs relating to them.

The type of business unit to be classified to industry is a critical design element for any industrial classification. Industrial classifications designed for a particular unit of classification may be less suitable, or entirely unsuitable, for application to other types of business units.

The Unit of classification section describes the unit of classification used for the development of the ANZSIC. The unit models used by the ABS and Statistics NZ in the compilation of their official statistics are outlined in Appendices 1 and 2, with most emphasis on the producing units used for industry statistics.

《澳大利亞及紐西蘭標準產業分類》的結構 | ANZSIC structure

《澳大利亞及紐西蘭標準產業分類》（ANZSIC）採用階層式架構，共有四個層級，分別為「大類」（Division，層級最廣）、「中類」（Subdivision）、「小類」（Group）及「細類」（Class，層級最細）。

在大類層級，其主要目的在於提供有限數量的分類，以呈現整體經濟的概況，並適用於官方統計中發布的概要性統計表。中類、小類與細類層級則對這些分類進行更細緻的劃分，以便編製更具體且詳盡的統計資料。

《澳大利亞及紐西蘭標準產業分類》的層級結構如下所示：

層級	範例
大類	C 製造業
中類	11 食品製造業
小類	111 肉類及肉製品製造業
細類	1111 肉品加工

2006 年版《澳大利亞及紐西蘭標準產業分類》的概念架構採用了以「供給面」為基礎的行業定義與分類方式。透過此方法，從事相似生產活動的企業單位會被歸入同一類別。因此，屬於同一行業的企業單位通常具有相似的「生產功能」，也就是指透過勞動與資本的投入，將中間產品轉化為最終產出的過程。

The ANZSIC is a hierarchical classification with four levels, namely Divisions (the broadest level), Subdivisions, Groups and Classes (the finest level). At the Divisional level, the main purpose is to provide a limited number of categories which provide a broad overall picture of the economy and are suitable for the publication of summary tables in official statistics. The Subdivision, Group and Class levels provide increasingly detailed dissections of these categories for the compilation of more specific and detailed statistics.

The hierarchical structure of the ANZSIC is illustrated below:

Level	Example
Division	C Manufacturing
Subdivision	11 Food Product Manufacturing
Group	111 Meat and Meat Product Manufacturing
Class	1111 Meat Processing

The conceptual framework adopted for the development of ANZSIC 2006 uses supply-side based industry definitions and groupings. Using this approach, business units engaged in similar productive activities are grouped together. Units in an industry therefore exhibit similar production functions (a term used to describe the transformation of intermediate inputs, through the application of labour and capital, to produce outputs).

《澳大利亞及紐西蘭標準產業分類》共劃分為以下19個大類

The ANZSIC has 19 identified divisions as follows:

大類 Division	大類名稱	Title
A	農業、林業與漁業	Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing
B	採礦業	Mining
C	製造業	Manufacturing
D	電力、天然氣、水與廢棄物管理業	Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services
E	建築業	Construction
F	批發貿易	Wholesale Trade
G	零售貿易	Retail Trade
H	住宿與餐飲服務業	Accommodation and Food Services
I	運輸、郵政與倉儲業	Transport, Postal and Warehousing
J	資訊媒體與電信業	Information Media and Telecommunications
K	金融與保險服務業	Financial and Insurance Services
L	租賃、僱用與房地產服務業	Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services
M	專業、科學與技術服務業	Professional, Scientific and Technical Services
N	行政與支援服務業	Administrative and Support Services
O	公共行政與安全	Public Administration and Safety
P	教育與培訓	Education and Training
Q	醫療保健與社會援助	Health Care and Social Assistance
R	藝術與休閒服務業	Arts and Recreation Services
S	其他服務業	Other Services

來源：澳大利亞統計局 | Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics